Bygningsmaterialer og bygging

This European Standard applies to mobile toilet cabins that are not connected to a sewerage system. It specifies requirements of the services relating to the deployment of cabins and the relevant requirements for cabins and sanitary products, taking into account hygiene, health and safety. It specifies minimum quality requirements relating to cabins and sanitary products and also relating to the extent of cleaning required, the number of cabins to be provided, locations and cleaning/disposal intervals.

This document identifies the essential characteristics of precast concrete products made of reinforced or prestressed normal weight or light weight concrete, used for the frame, foundation, floors, walls, stairs and roofs of building and civil engineering works, and for garages, boundary fences, masts and poles. This document also covers blocks made of other materials than concrete and intended to be used in concrete beam-and-blocks floor systems. This document specifies procedures for assessment and verification of constancy (AVCP) of performance of characteristics of those elements. This document does not cover the following concrete products: - Masonry and ancillary products, - Lighting columns and spigots, - Roof covering products for discontinuous laying, - Chimney components, - Products for wastewater treatment, - Prefabricated reinforced components of autoclaved aerated concrete or light-weight aggregate concrete with open structure, - Paving units and kerbs, - Road equipment, - Elements made with concrete containing more than 1% of homogeneously distributed organic material, by mass or by volume (whichever is the most onerous). This document does not cover the design, production, handling, installation of the elements and the water tightness of joints between elements.

This document provides a procedure to validate a calculation tool based on simulation, analytical calculation and/or interpolation of airborne sound insulation characteristics of glass products.

This document specifies and gives guidance on the performance and condition assessment process of existing physical assets in the utilization stage (from commissioning to the end of life). This document relates to assessment of physical assets within the building and civil engineering sector; however, it can also be used in other sectors where applicable. This document describes a generic framework for assessment, specification of requirements, the observation process and gathering of the required information in order to sustain informed asset management decision making. This document is an umbrella standard and refers to other standards for detailed methods. It does not replace any other standard, but is an addition to provide a system for the assessment work. NOTE 1 The references to other standards only relate to building and civil engineering works. There are no references for production machinery and equipment, offshore, electrical and mechanical assets, mobile assets and non-tangible assets. NOTE 2 In this document the physical assets will be referred to as assets, except in the clause Terms and definitions.

This document specifies analytical methods for the determination of major, minor and trace elements and of anions in aqueous eluates from construction products. It refers to the following 67 elements: Aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), cerium (Ce), caesium (Cs), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), dysprosium (Dy), erbium (Er), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), gold (Au), hafnium (Hf), holmium (Ho), indium (In), iridium (Ir), iron (Fe), lanthanum (La), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), lutetium (Lu), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), phosphorus (P), platinum (Pt), potassium (K), praseodymium (Pr), rubidium (Rb), rhenium (Re), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulphur (S), tellurium (Te), terbium (Tb), thallium (Tl), thorium (Th), thulium (Tm), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), uranium (U), vanadium (V), ytterbium (Yb), yttrium (Y), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr) and to the following four anions: Cl-, Br-, F-, SO42-. This document also describes how to measure general parameters like pH, electrical conductivity, DOC/TOC. The methods in this document are applicable to construction products. NOTE Construction products include e.g. mineral-based products (S); bituminous products (B); metals (M); wood-based products (W); plastics and rubbers (P); sealants and adhesives (A); paints and coatings (C), see also CEN/TR 16045. The selection of analytical methods to be applied is based on the required sensitivity of the method, which is provided for all substance - analytical procedure combinations.

This document specifies methods for obtaining the aqua regia digestible content of construction products. Solutions produced by this method are for analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled spectrometry (ICP-OES) for the following 67 elements: Aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), cerium (Ce), caesium (Cs), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), dysprosium (Dy), erbium (Er), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), gold (Au), hafnium (Hf), holmium (Ho), indium (In), iridium (Ir), iron (Fe), lanthanum (La), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), lutetium (Lu), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), phosphorus (P), platinum (Pt), potassium (K), praseodymium (Pr), rubidium (Rb), rhenium (Re), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulphur (S), tellurium (Te), terbium (Tb), thallium (Tl), thorium (Th), thulium (Tm), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), uranium (U), vanadium (V), ytterbium (Yb), yttrium (Y), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr). Solutions produced by the methods are suitable for analysis by cold vapour atomic absorption or fluorescent spectrometry (CV-AAS, CV-AFS), for mercury (Hg). The method in this document is applicable to construction products. Digestion with aqua regia will not necessarily accomplish total decomposition of the sample. The extracted analyte concentrations might not necessarily reflect the total content in the sample. NOTE Construction products include e.g. mineral-based products (S); bituminous products (B); metals (M); wood-based products (W); plastics and rubbers (P); sealants and adhesives (A); paints and coatings (C), see also CEN/TR 16045.

This document specifies the method for the determination of major, minor and trace elements in aqua regia and nitric acid digests and in eluates of construction products by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). It refers to the following 44 elements: Aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), cerium (Ce), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lanthanum (La), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), nickel (Ni), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), praseodymium (Pr), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulphur (S), tellurium (Te), thallium (Tl), thorium (Th), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), uranium (U), vanadium (V), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr). For the determination of low levels of As, Se and Sb, hydride generation can be applied. This method is described in Annex E. NOTE Construction products include e.g. mineral-based products (S); bituminous products (B); metals (M); wood-based products (W); plastics and rubbers (P); sealants and adhesives (A); paints and coatings (C), see also CEN/TR 16045. The method in this document is applicable to construction products and validated for the product types listed in Annex C.

This document specifies analytical methods for the determination of major, minor and trace elements in aqua regia digests of construction products. It refers to the following 67 elements: Aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), cerium (Ce), cesium (Cs), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), dysprosium (Dy), erbium (Er), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), gold (Au), hafnium (Hf), holmium (Ho), indium (In), iridium (Ir), iron (Fe), lanthanum (La), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), lutetium (Lu), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), phosphorus (P), platinum (Pt), potassium (K), praseodymium (Pr), rubidium (Rb), rhenium (Re), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulphur (S), tellurium (Te), terbium (Tb), thallium (Tl), thorium (Th), thulium (Tm), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), uranium (U), vanadium (V), ytterbium (Yb), yttrium (Y), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr). The methods in this document are applicable to construction products. NOTE Construction products include e.g. mineral-based products (S); bituminous products (B); metals (M); wood-based products (W); plastics and rubbers (P); sealants and adhesives (A); paints and coatings (C), see also CEN/TR 16045 [1]. The selection of analytical methods to be applied is based on the required sensitivity of the method, which is provided for all combinations of substance and analytical procedure.

This document describes two methods for determining the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and one method for determining the content of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) with gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (GC-MS). See Annex A for a list of PAH and BTEX that can be determined with this document. This document is intended to be used for construction products. In a number of cases additional analysis with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) can be necessary to determine a number of compounds. To determine PAH multiple liquid-liquid extraction is used to remove disturbing compounds. The tests that led to this document were carried out on different types of roofing material, asphalt and one tar containing asphalt, [3] and [5]. The detectability limit of the methods for individual compounds in roofing material, asphalt and tar containing asphalt for PAH is 0,5 mg/kg to 1,5 mg/kg and for BTEX 0,1 mg/kg.

This document specifies the method for the determination of major, minor and trace elements in aqua regia and nitric acid digests and in eluates of construction products by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). It refers to the following 67 elements: aluminium (Al), antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca), cerium (Ce), caesium (Cs), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), dysprosium (Dy), erbium (Er), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), gold (Au), hafnium (Hf), holmium (Ho), indium (In), iridium (Ir), iron (Fe), lanthanum (La), lead (Pb), lithium (Li), lutetium (Lu), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), molybdenum (Mo), neodymium (Nd), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), phosphorus (P), platinum (Pt), potassium (K), praseodymium (Pr), rubidium (Rb), rhenium (Re), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), sodium (Na), strontium (Sr), sulphur (S), tellurium (Te), terbium (Tb), thallium (Tl), thorium (Th), thulium (Tm), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), uranium (U), vanadium (V), ytterbium (Yb), yttrium (Y), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr). NOTE 1 Construction products include e.g. mineral-based products (S); bituminous products (B); metals (M); wood-based products (W); plastics and rubbers (P); sealants and adhesives (A); paints and coatings (C), see also CEN/TR 16045 [1]. The working range depends on the matrix and the interferences encountered. NOTE 2 The limit of detection of most elements will be affected by their natural abundance, ionization behaviour, on abundance of isotope(s) free from isobaric interferences and by contamination (e.g. handling and airborne). Handling contaminations are in many cases more important than airborne ones. The limit of detection will be higher in cases where the determination is likely to be interfered (see Clause 6) or in case of memory effects (see e.g. EN ISO 17294 1:2006). The method in this document is applicable to construction products and validated for the product types listed in Annex A.

This document describes a method for the determination of the content of biocides in construction products, (either finished (dried) or in a ready-to-use state) and in eluates thereof, using liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometric detection (LC-MS/MS). For content analysis liquid chromatography with UV-detection can also be used, if sufficient sensitivity and selectivity is ensured (see Annex A). The method in this document is validated for the product types listed in Annex D. For eluate analysis quantification limits of 0,1 µg/l can be achieved.

This document specifies existing methods for the determination of the content of specific organic substances in construction products. The following parameters are covered: BTEX, biocides, dioxins, furans and dioxin-like PCBs, mineral oil, nonylphenols, PAH, PCB, PCP, PBDE, and short-chain chlorinated paraffins. NOTE 1 Methods still under development or available at national level only are listed in Annex B for PFOS, PFOA, HBCD and EOX. The methods can be included in the normative text as soon as full EN standards are available. NOTE 2 Methods that have not been validated for construction products, because no suitable material was available at the time of the robustness validation, only are listed in Annex B. This applies to organotin compounds, phenols and phthalates. The methods listed in this document come from different fields and are expected to be suitable for organic substances in organic extracts from all types of constructions products. The methods in this document are validated for the product types listed in Annex A. NOTE 3 Construction products include, e.g. mineral-based products, bituminous products, wood-based products, polymer-based products and metals. This document includes analytical methods for all matrices except metals.

This document specifies existing methods for the determination of specific organic substances in aqueous eluates from leaching of construction products. The following parameters are covered: pH, electrical conductivity, biocides, bisphenol A, BTEX, dioxins and furans, DOC, epichlorohydrin, mineral oil, nonylphenols, PAH, PBDE, PCB, dioxin-like PCB, PCP, phenols and phthalates. NOTE 1 Methods still under development or available at national level only are listed in Annex B for certain amines, AOX, and biocidal and plant protection products. NOTE 2 Methods that have not been validated for aqueous eluates from leaching of construction products, because no suitable material was available at the time of the robustness validation, only are listed in Annex B. This applies to organotin compounds. The methods in this document come from different fields, mainly the analysis of water, and are applicable for the eluates from construction products. They are validated for eluates of the product types listed in Annex A. NOTE 3 Construction products include, e.g. mineral-based products, bituminous products, wood-based products, polymer-based products and metals. This document includes analytical methods for all matrices except metals. The selection of the method to be applied is based on the product matrix and the required sensitivity.

Dette informative nasjonale tillegget gir anbefalinger for prefabrikkerte peler anbefalt brukt ved innmeisling i berg eller faste løsmasser og ved ramming gjennom grove masser med blokker av stein.

Dette dokumentet beskriver krav til kjemiske egenskaper, fysiske egenskaper og vurdering av samsvar for naturlig pozzolan inkludert naturlig kalsinert pozzolan som definert i NS-EN 197-1:2011 5.2.3. Materialene kan benyttes som type II-tilsetningsmateriale i betongproduksjon etter NS-EN 206+NA.