Petroleumsteknologi og beslektet teknologi

This European Standard describes a method for the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products by capillary gas chromatography using flame ionization detection. The standard is applicable to stabilized crude oils and for the boiling range distribution and the recovery up to and including n-nonane. A stabilized crude oil is defined as having a Reid Vapour Pressure equivalent to or less than 82,7 kPa as determined by IP 481 [3]. NOTE For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms “% (m/m)” and “% (V/V)” are used to represent respectively the mass fraction, ω, and the volume fraction, φ. WARNING —The use of this European Standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This European Standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

This document specifies the procedure for a determination of major and minor element concentrations in solid recovered fuel material by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometry or wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometry using a calibration with solid recovered fuel reference materials or solid recovered fuel samples with known content. A semiquantitative determination may be carried out using matrix independent standards. X-ray fluorescence spectrometry can be used as a fast method for a qualitative overview of elements and impurities and after suitable calibration it is very useful for determining major elements or even minor elements (except Hg) in order to quickly identify increased concentrations of minor elements in solid recovered fuels (e.g. during SRF-production). This document is applicable for the following elements: Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Br, Mo, Cd, Sb, Tl and Pb. Concentrations from approximately 0,000 1 % and above can be determined depending on the element, the calibration materials used and the instrument used.