Produksjonsteknikk

This European Standard specifies requirements for the; - approval of training facilities, testing and maintaining the skills of aluminothermic welders and welding trainers. It applies to those aluminothermic welding processes compliant with the requirements of EN 14730-1. It requires that the system for training and testing of welders shall be approved by the railway authority. - approval of aluminothermic welding contractors. It applies to those contractors using aluminothermic welding processes compliant with the requirements of EN 14730-1 and who employ welders in the possession of a valid permit to weld as defined in section 4 of this standard. - acceptance of the final aluminothermic weld inspections and aluminothermic weld inspectors approved by the railway authority. It does not cover any previous weld inspections by the welder or others. The standard also applies to aluminothermic welds produced on Vignole railway rail 46 kg/m and above, as contained in EN 13674-1.

ISO 15614-7:2016 specifies how a preliminary welding procedure specification for overlay welding is qualified by welding procedure tests. ISO 15614-7:2016 defines the conditions for execution of welding procedure tests and the range of qualification for welding procedures for all practical welding operations within the range of variables listed in Clause 8. ISO 15614-7:2016 applies to all welding processes suitable for overlay welding. In situations where qualification is carried out on a pre-production test piece, the qualification is performed in accordance with ISO 15613 except that, as far as possible, the testing is according to this part of ISO 15614. Building up and repair of parent metal is covered by ISO 15613 or ISO 15614‑1. This edition of ISO 15614‑7 is applicable to all new welding procedure qualification tests. It does not invalidate previous welding procedure tests made in accordance with previous editions of this part of ISO 15614. Where additional tests are required by the present edition, it is only necessary that those additional tests be carried out on a test piece made in accordance with the existing WPS and this part of ISO 15614. If buttering is used for welding between dissimilar materials, the welding procedure is qualified in accordance with ISO 15614‑1. This buttering may be required for weld combining different material structure or properties, e.g. joining martensitic steels or ferritic steels with austenitic steels. Additional tests may be required by application standards.

This document specifies the method of testing the knowledge and skill of a welder who is required to carry out welds on thermoplastics in new constructions and repair work. The skill examination of a welder is an essential condition for the assurance of the quality of the welding work. The application of this document guarantees that the examination is carried out according to a uniform test procedure. This document applies when the contractor or the authorities responsible for the application require it. Gas and water utility network industries with alternative qualification programmes are excluded from this document. This document applies to the following welding processes: - hot gas welding: round nozzle, high speed nozzle, wedge; - extrusion welding; - heated tool welding: butt, saddle, socket, wedge; - electrofusion welding: socket, saddle; - solvent welding: socket. This document applies to the welding of the following products: - sheet; - pipe; - fittings; - lining membrane. This document covers the welding of the following groups of materials: a) for sheets, pipes and fittings: - group 1: PVC (including all kinds of PVC-U, PVC-C) or ABS; - group 2: PP (including all kinds of PP); - group 3: PE (including all kinds of PE); - group 4: PVDF; - group 5: ECTFE or PFA or FEP; b) for lining membranes and flooring: - group 6: PVC-P; - group 7: PE (including all kinds of PE); - group 8: ECB; - group 9: PP. c) for pipes and fittings only: - group 10: PA-U 11 or PA-U 12.

This document specifies the procedure for the determination of coating strength, and hence of cohesive strength in a tubular coating tensile test. The test is intended to determine the tensile coating strength parallel to the spray layers (normal to the spray direction) and to identify differences in particle bond quality. The tubular coating tensile test is suitable for sprayed coatings deposited using metallic materials (not carbides and ceramics). The tubular coating tensile test is not suitable for fused sprayed coatings deposited using self fluxing alloys. The test supports quality assurance and is intended to be applied for the purpose of coating optimisation by identifying the influences of coating parameters and spray materials on the coatings's quality. Furthermore, the coating in particular for cold sprayed coatings can be compared with the characteristics of similar solid materials and the coating's quality can be assessed. This test is not recommended for thin coatings (coating thickness < 500 µm), since massive scattering of results is to be expected here. Due to the size of the specimens, it is particularly suitable to apply the tubular coating tensile test for coating processes that use a concentrated spray jet and a highly focused spray spot, as in the case of cold spraying, high velocity flame spraying (HVOF) or plasma spraying. Applying the tubular coating tensile test for coating processes that use a broad spray jet, such as flame spraying and arc spraying, may require special spraying measures, e.g. the use of a template to ensure a nearly vertical impingement angle.

This document series describes a laboratory method for testing foam adhesion to an organic coating on a metallic substrate under dry and wet conditions.

This document defines terms of the procedure for determining the adhesion of an organic coating to a metallic substrate after indentation produced by slow deformation. The resistance to cracking can also be evaluated.

This document specifies test procedures for assessing the effect of chemicals on the characteristics of an organic coating on a metallic substrate. It covers testing by using defined substances and to assess the change in characteristics such as discoloration, change in gloss, blistering, softening, swelling and loss of adhesion. Assessment of other phenomena can be agreed between the interested parties.